2 Questions

[Abu_Maryam_al_Bakistaani]

السلام عليكم و رحمة الله و بركاته

1. Are compounds like the numbers from 21-30 or 125 mbni or mau'rab?

2. What does لا محل لها من الإعراب mean and also what types of words does it apply to? And does the dhaumeer i.e. in the compound لها change depending on the gender of what it is pointing to?

والحمدلله و الصلاة و السلام على رسول الله

[Aaishah]

Originally Posted by abu_maryam_al_bakistaani

السلام عليكم و رحمة الله و بركاته

1. Are compounds like the numbers from 21-30 or 125 mbni or mau'rab?

2. What does لا محل لها من الإعراب mean and also what types of words does it apply to? And does the dhaumeer i.e. In the compound لها change depending on the gender of what it is pointing to?

والحمدلله و الصلاة و السلام على رسول الله

وعليكم السلام ورحمةُ اللهِ وبركاته

[Aaishah]

Originally Posted by Abu_Maryam_al_Bakistaani

السلام عليكم و رحمة الله و بركاته

1. Are compounds like the numbers from 21-30 or 125 mbni or mau'rab?

2. What does لا محل لها من الإعراب mean and also what types of words does it apply to? And does the dhaumeer i.e. in the compound لها change depending on the gender of what it is pointing to?

والحمدلله و الصلاة و السلام على رسول الله

وعليكم السلام ورحمةُ اللهِ وبركاته

1. To know which numbers are mu’rab and which are mabniyy, I would first refer you to the excellent Key to lesson 21, Madinah Book 2.

In the Key our Shaykh Dr. Abdur Rahim has provided a detailed summary of the entire topic of numbers along with the principles that govern them.

2. لاَ مَحَلَّ لَهَا مِن الإِعْرَابِ / لا مَحَلَّ لَهُ مِنَ الإِعْرَابِ.

(My rough translation of the meaning:

‘It has no grammatical role whatsoever in the sentence’.)

This term is applied to - for example - the صِلَةُ الْمَوْصُولِ .

صِلَةُ الْمَوْصُولِ is the sentence or resemblance of a sentence, that immediately follows the الاسْمُ
الْمَوْصُولُ.

Since the Damiir in the terminology, returns back to صِلَةُ here, we would use the feminine ضَمِيرٌ (pronoun) and say :
لاَ مَحَلَّ لَهَا مِن الإِعْرَابِ.

If the noun being referred to, is masculine, we use the masculine ضَمِيرٌ and say : لَهُ

So what is الاسْمُ الْمَوْصُولُ and صِلَةُ الْمَوْصُولِ ?

Quote : -----------------

اسْمٌ مَوْصُولٌ grammatically :

relative pronoun like :

الَّذِي ، الَّذِينَ ، الَّتِي ، اللاَّئِي ، ما
e.g.

الْبَيْتُ الَّذِي خَلْفَ الْمَسْجِدِ للإِمَامِ.

‘The house which is behind the mosque is the Imaam’s.’

*****

The phrase which completes the meaning of the
الاسْمُ الْمَوْصُولُ

is called :
صِلَةُ الْمَوْصُولِ

- in this example it is :

خَلْفَ الْمَسْجِدِ

End quote, ref pg 236 : --------

'Glossary of Words (Arabic Terms/Vocabulary ) Used In : ‘Duruus al-Lughah al-Arabiyyah’

Arabic-English Dictionary

By

Dr. V. Abdur Rahim

----------------

(We first learnt about الاسْمُ الْمَوْصُولُ in Madinah Book 1, Lesson 9, Part B.)

Here is the i’raab of the sentence which has within it the part termed:

: لا مَحَلَّ لَهَا مِن الإِعْرَابِ

الْبَيْتُ الَّذِي خَلْفَ الْمَسْجِدِ للإِمَامِ.

الْبَيْتُ : الْمُبْتَدَأُ مَرْفُوعٌ، وَعَلاَمَةُ رَفْْعِهِ ضَمَّةٌ ظَاهِرَةٌ في آخِرِهِ.
الَّذِي : الاسمُ الْمَوْصُولُ، في مَحَلِّ رَفْعٍ : صِفَةٌ لِ(الْبَيْتُ).
خَلْفَ الْمَسْجِدِ : صِلَةُ الْمَوْصُولِ : لا مَحَلَّ لَها مِن الإعرابِ.
للإِمَامِ : جارٌّ ومَجْرُورٌ ، في مَحَلِّ رَفْعٍ : الْخَبَرُ.

Points worthy of mention :

* If we just have the mubtada and khabar, the meaning of the sentence is complete - i.e. this is a complete sentence :

الْبَيْتُ للإِمَامِ.

‘The house is the Imaam’s.’

But an extra element is added to the sentence which is an adjective - الَّذِي and the Silah al-mawSuul following it, i.e. this part :

الَّذِي خَلْفَ الْمَسْجِدِ

- making the sentence :

الْبَيْتُ الَّذِي خَلْفَ الْمَسْجِدِ للإِمَامِ.

* The adjective الَّذِي itself is extra to the meaning. So if we removed it from the sentence, the jumlah will still make full sense .

* Arabic gives no grammatical role for the part that follows الَّذِي (or for what follows her other family members). (One benefit derived from this – in my understanding – is it allows us to understand the i’raab of the essential components of the sentence more easily.)

* The صِلَةُ الْمَوْصُولِ completes the meaning of the adjective, and not the meaning of the original jumlah of which a mubtada and khabar is sufficient.

* The Scholars of Arabic declare the صِلَةُ الْمَوْصُولِ as :

لا مَحَلَّ لَهَا مِن الإِعْرَابِ

Proofs for some of what has preceded :

Quote : ------------------

اللهُ وَلِيُّ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا يُخْرِجُهُمْ مِنَ الظُّلُمَاتِ إلى النُّورِ

(الآيةُ الكرِيمَةُ)

(al-Baqarah , 257) :

‘Allah is the ally of those who believe…’

[Lexical and Grammatical Notes :]

1.) وَلِيّ friend, protector, patron, guardian. Pl : أَوْلِيَاءُ

اللهُ وَلِيُّ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا : This is mubtada’ and its khabar.

الَّذِينَ is :

مُضَافٌ عَلَيْهِ في مَحَلِّ جَرٍّ،

and the sentence : آمَنُوا is :

صِلَةُ الْمَوْصُولِ : لا مَحَلَّ لَهَا مِنَ الإِعْرَابِ.

End quote. Ref, pg 33 : ----------

‘Selections From the Glorious Qur’aan’
With Lexical And Grammatical Notes,

A Companion to Duruus al-Lughah,
[Post-Graduate Course for Madinah Course Graduates or for those with equivalent knowledge of Arabic]

(With 6 DVDs featuring the author himself teaching the book)

By

Dr. V. Abdur Rahim

(The book and DVDs can be downloaded free from the web-site of LQToronto)

*************

END OF PART ONE

[Aaishah]

PART 2 follows.

[Aaishah]

PART 2

: لا مَحَلَّ لَهُ مِن الإعرابِ.

The term is also applied to the grammatical element known as :

ضَمِيرُ الْفَصْلِ.

يَقُولُ شَيْخُنَا :

Quote : ------------

إنَّ اللهَ هُوَ التَّوَّابُ الرَّحِيمُ
(الآيةُ الكريمةُ)

هو : ضَمِيرُ الْفَصْلِ، وَضَمِيرُ الْفَصْلِ ضَمِيرُ رَفْعٍ مُنْفَصِلٌ يَتَوَسَّطُ بَيْنَ الْمُبْتَدَأِ والْخَبَرِ. أو ما أصلهُ مُبْتَدَأٌ وَخَبَرٌ ، ويُؤْتَى بِهِ لِلْفَصْلِ بَيْنَ الْخَبَرِ وَ التَّابِعِ ...

ضَمِيرُ الْفَصْلِ في صُورَةِ ضَمِيرٍ غَيْرَ أَنَّهُ حَرْفٌ،
وَلاَ مَحَلَّ لَهُ مِنَ الإِعْرَابِ.

End quote, ref pgs 73-74 from : ---------------------

أَبْشِرْ بِخَيْرِ يَوْمٍ
مَرَّ عَلَيْكَ مُنْذُ وَلَدَتْكَ أُمُّكَ
حَدِيثُ كَعْب بْن مالكٍ – رَضِيَ اللهُ عنه
شَرَحَ الْحَدِيثَ، شَرْحاً لُغَوِياً

الدكتور ف. عبد الرحيم

-----------------------------

Details of this excellent, classical book found here :

http://www.lqtoronto.com/forums/showthread.php?t=380

----------------------------

ضَمِيرُ الْفَصْلِ is also covered in Madinah Book 3, lesson 26.

Hope this helps to answer your questions inshaa Allaah.

Wassalaam

[Abu_Maryam_al_Bakistaani]

Jzakillaahu khairan wa BarakAllahu feeki

[Abu_Maryam_al_Bakistaani]

السلام عليكم و رحمة الله و بركاته

Ukthi I have read the key but it doesn't seem to be clear with regards to this specific type of number (i.e. 21-29).

For example, from book 2 lesson 10 we read the number:

يعمل فيه مائة و خمسة و عشرون عاملا

When doing the analysis of this sentence I had the following:

يعمل = Fe'ilun mudari'un marfoo'un wa 'alamatu raf'ihi dhaumahtun zhauhiratun fi akhirihi
مائة و خمسة و عشرون = fa'ilun (please correct me if I'm mistaken)...this is where I'm stuck...do I say fa'ilun marfooun or mabniun fi mahali raf'in?

والحمدلله و الصلاة و السلام على رسول الله

[Aaishah]

Originally Posted by Abu_Maryam_al_Bakistaani

السلام عليكم و رحمة الله و بركاته

Ukthi I have read the key but it doesn't seem to be clear with regards to this specific type of number (i.e. 21-29).

For example, from book 2 lesson 10 we read the number:

يعمل فيه مائة و خمسة و عشرون عاملا

When doing the analysis of this sentence I had the following:

يعمل = Fe'ilun mudari'un marfoo'un wa 'alamatu raf'ihi dhaumahtun zhauhiratun fi akhirihi
مائة و خمسة و عشرون = fa'ilun (please correct me if I'm mistaken)...this is where I'm stuck...do I say fa'ilun marfooun or mabniun fi mahali raf'in?

والحمدلله و الصلاة و السلام على رسول الله

wa ‘alaykumus salaam wa raHmatullaah wa barakaatuhu,

يَعْمَلُ فِيهِ مِائَةٌ وخمسةٌ وعِشْرُونَ عاملا

Regarding the number in this sentence - which is 125 workers – then we will collect some principles regarding numbers first, before embarking on its i’raab.

The reference for the notes that follow, is:

Madinah Book 2:
Key to lesson 24,
Part C : “The i’raab of the numbers” :

مِائَةٌ : 100 : this number declines regularly.

So 100 is مُعْرَبٌ.

خمسةٌ 5 :

From 3 - 10, they decline regularly.

So 5 is مُعْرَبٌ .

عِشْرُونَ 20 :

From 20 - 90 they decline like the sound masculine plural.

So 20 is مُعْرَبٌ.

------------------------(end notes)

Knowing these rules, we can now analyse our sentence:

يَعْمَلُ فِيهِ مِائَةٌ وَخَمْسَةٌ وَعِشْرُونَ عامِلاً

الإعرابُ:
يَعْمَلُ : فِعْلٌ مُضَارِعٌ مَرْفُوعٌ، وعَلاَمَةُ رَفْعِهِ ضَمَّةٌ ظاهِرَةٌ في آخرِهِ.
فيه : الجارُّ والْْْمَجْرُورُ.
مِائَةٌ : فَاعِلُ (يَعْمَلُ)، مَرْفُوعٌ، وعلامةُ رفعِهِ ضمّةٌ ظاهرةٌ في آخرِهِ.
الواو : وَاوُ الْعَطْفِ.
خَمْسَةٌ : اسْمٌ مَعْطُوفٌ على (مائة)، مرفوعٌ كذلك، وعلامةُ رفعِهِ : ضمةٌ ظاهرةٌ في آخره.
الواو : وَاوُ الْعَطْفِ.
عِشْرُونَ : اسْمٌ مَعْطُوفٌ على (مائة) ، مرفوعٌ، وعلامةُ رفعِهِ الواوُ نِياَبَةً عَنِ الضَّمَةِ.
عامِلاً : اسْمٌ مَنْصُوبٌ على أَنَّهُ تَمْيِيزُ الذَّاتِ.

Finally, I will re-write the above sentence - taken from the dialogue of lesson 10, in such a way that will help to remind us of the mu’rab form of the above numbers :

عَدَدْتُ فِيهِ مِائَةً وخمسةً وعِشْرِينَ عاملاً

‘I counted 125 workers in it.’

Now, مِائَةً is mansuub as it is the maf’uul bihii of عَدَدْتُ(composed of fi'l and faa'il), and the nouns that follow it: خَمْسَةً وَ عِشْرِينَ are also mansuub as they are ma’Tuuf ‘alaa مِائَةً.

I hope this answers your question Brother Abu Maryam.

Wassalaam

[Abu_Maryam_al_Bakistaani]

BarakAllahu feeki...yes that makes things clear, ma shaa Allaah wal hamdulillah